Doha, Qatar: Glaucoma is the leading cause of blindness in Qatar, and the most at-risk groups are individuals over the age of 40 and those with a family history of the disease (from either parent).
Every year, the world observes World Glaucoma Week from March 9 to 15 to raise awareness about eye diseases that cause blindness, particularly glaucoma.
Health institutions in Qatar actively participate in this awareness week to educate the public, as glaucoma is the primary cause of blindness among residents over the age of 60.
Glaucoma, also known as “blue water”, is an eye disease that damages the optic nerve, often due to increased intraocular pressure. If left untreated, it can lead to gradual vision loss and even complete blindness.
Dr. Tawfik Dhaiban, Consultant Ophthalmologist at Al Thumama Health Center at the Primary Health Care Corporation (PHCC)
Dr. Tawfik Dhaiban, Consultant Ophthalmologist at Al Thumama Health Center at the Primary Health Care Corporation (PHCC), emphasized that glaucoma is one of the leading causes of blindness worldwide, particularly among individuals over the age of 60.
According to the World Health Organization (WHO), an estimated 80 million people worldwide suffer from glaucoma, and this number is expected to rise to 111 million by 2040.
Dr. Tawfik added that in Qatar, statistics show that 1.7% of the population is affected by glaucoma, with approximately 1,000 new cases recorded annually.
Globally, glaucoma is the second leading cause of blindness after cataracts.
Glaucoma accounts for around 10% of total blindness cases worldwide, and in certain regions, such as Africa, this percentage is even higher due to limited awareness and access to medical care.
In Qatar, significant efforts are being made to reduce the spread of glaucoma through initiatives led by the Ministry of Public Health (MOPH), Hamad Medical Corporation, and PHCC. These efforts include routine eye screenings, ongoing awareness campaigns via lectures, TV interviews, and educational brochures, and establishing specialized glaucoma clinics in various health centers.
Causes of Glaucoma
Dr. Tawfik explained that several factors contribute to the development of glaucoma, including:
· High intraocular pressure: The main cause of optic nerve damage.
· Genetics: A family history of glaucoma increases the risk.
· Aging: The likelihood of developing glaucoma increases with age.
· Chronic diseases: Such as diabetes and high blood pressure.
· Eye injuries: Including trauma or previous eye surgeries.
· Certain medications: Long-term use of corticosteroids can increase the risk.
Treatment Options for Glaucoma
While glaucoma cannot be cured, treatments are available to reduce intraocular pressure and prevent further damage to the optic nerve. Treatment options include:
· Eye drops: Such as prostaglandin analogs or beta-blockers.
· Oral medications: Prescribed in some cases to lower eye pressure.
· Laser therapy: Selective laser trabeculoplasty (SLT) improves fluid drainage from the eye.
· Surgical intervention: In advanced cases, surgery is performed to drain excess fluid and relieve pressure.
Glaucoma Treatment in Qatar
MOPH provides all glaucoma treatments free of charge, including eye drops, laser treatments, and surgeries, ensuring the well-being of both citizens and residents.
Preventing Glaucoma
To reduce the risk of glaucoma, Dr. Tawfik recommends:
· Regular eye check-ups: Especially for individuals over 40 or those with risk factors.
· Managing chronic diseases: Such as diabetes and hypertension.
· Protecting the eyes: By wearing protective eyewear during high-risk activities.
· Recognizing symptoms: Such as loss of peripheral vision or seeing halos around lights.
The Importance of Early Detection
Glaucoma is often called the “silent thief of sight” because it may not cause noticeable symptoms in its early stages. Therefore, early detection and regular eye exams are crucial to preserving vision.
If you are at risk or over the age of 40, do not hesitate to schedule routine eye check-ups to protect your vision.
