Dr D S Praveen
Specialist – ENT, Head & Neck
Healthspring World Clinic
Gastroesophageal (Laryngeal)
Reflux Disease (GERD /GLAR)
What is GLAR?
Gastroesophageal (laryngeal) reflux disease, occurs when acid from the stomach backs up into the esophagus and to the larynx ( Voice box ). A ring of muscle at the bottom of the esophagus, the lower esophageal sphincter (LES), contracts to keep the acidic contents of the stomach from “refluxing” or coming back up into the esophagus. In people with GERD, the LES does not close properly, allowing acid to move up the esophagus.
What are the symptoms ?
The symptoms may include heartburn, nausea, blocking sensation or soreness in the throat, dry cough, hoarseness of voice, trouble swallowing and bad breath. Some people have GERD without heartburn, instead, they experience pain in the chest that can be sever enough to mimic the pain of a heart attack. Some people may also have episodes of chocking and couch in the night which wakes them up from sleep.
Who are at risk ?
Overweight people and pregnant women are particularly susceptible because of the pressure on their stomach. In infants and children, GERD can cause repeated vomiting, coughing, and other respiratory problems such as sore throat and ear infections. Most infants grow out of GERD by the time they are one year old.
Complications
Ulcers and strictures of the esophagus (esophagitis), cough, asthma, throat and laryngeal inflammation, inflammation and infection of the lungs,ear infections. Barrett’s esophagus, which is a serious complication that can lead to cancer.
Lifestyle factors that may contribute include :
• Smoking, alcohol use, obesity,pregnancy, drugs
( Eg, pain killers ),caffeinated drinks,spicy, fatty and fried foods,mint flavorings (especially peppermint).
• Late heavy dinner followed immediately by sleep.
When should I see an ENT Specialist?
If you experience heartburn more than twice a week, frequent chest pains after eating, trouble swallowing, persistent nausea, and cough or sore throat unrelated to illness, you may have GERD. For proper diagnosis and treatment, you should be evaluated by an ENT doctor, as they have extensive experience with the tools that diagnose and treat GERD.
